Terms You Should Know About Autism

Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS)

An instrument that is used to diagnose Autism Spectrum Disorder. This, along with information from the child’s parents, is used to get an accurate evaluation.

Autism Spectrum Disorders

A group of neurobiological disorders diagnosed early in childhood that affects a child’s ability to communicate, interact, learn and play. ASD affects how the brain develops and works.

Asperger Syndrome

A disorder that causes a discrepancy of social and intellectual abilities.

Echolalia

The exact repetition of words, phrases and sounds of speech a child hears from another person. Children diagnosed with ASD display echolalia when learning to talk.

Emotional Regulation

A child’s ability to respond to internal and external sensory input. They are then able to adjust their emotions and behaviors to the demands around them. Involuntary reactions include heart and respiratory rates, and voluntary responses. Children with ASD have trouble with emotional regulation and have inappropriate responses to their surroundings.

High Functioning Autism

This form of autism has less severe signs and symptoms. This disorder includes delayed motor skills, trouble interacting with others, and strong reactions to lights, sounds or smells. People with this disorder have either average or above average intelligence. It is similar to Asperger Syndrome.

Hyperresponsiveness

A person feels overwhelmed by a normal sound, sight, taste, touch or smell. They may also respond negatively by screaming.

Nonfunctional Routines

A person with ASD may repeat actions or behaviors that may seem purposeless.

Perseverative Speech

Children with ASD who learn to talk use repetitive language involving repeating phrases and words, or bringing up the same topic.

Self-Injurious Behavior

About 10 to 15 percent of people with ASD cause self-inflicting injuries to themselves. Injuries that occur are bruises, redness and cuts. People with ASD who engage in this may be attempting to seek attention, may feel overwhelmed or frustrated, or are hypersensitive to sounds.

Sources

Autism Speaks

Emedicine Health